the on-demand Windows desktop

A few days ago, Amazon announced that they would be supporting Windows on EC2. IMO, you’d have to be mad to dream of running a server on that platform, so I was totally like “meh”.

However, James Murty pointed out the perfect use case that I’d missed:

Although I much prefer “Unixy” platforms for my own development, I can imagine situations where it would be very handy to have a Windows machine easily available — such as for running those vital but irritating programs that are only made available for Windows. Australian Tax Office, I’m looking at you…

He’s spot on! This is a great use case. If you need to do a little ‘doze work, a quick recompile, or a connect to another stupid platform-limited service — indeed, like the Irish tax office’s Revenue Online Service, for that matter — simply fire up a ‘doze instance, do your hour’s work, SDelete any private files, and shut it down again. All of that will cost 12.5 cents.

This will save me a lot of pain with VMWare, I suspect…

More techie details at RightScale; a trial run.

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Links for 2008-09-12

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Spam zombies — we need to cure the disease, not suppress the symptoms

Here’s a great presentation from Joe St Sauver presented at the London Action Plan meeting recently: Infected PCs Acting As Spam Zombies: We Need to Cure the Disease, Not Just Suppress the Symptoms

Some key points in brief:

Despite all our ongoing efforts: the spam problem continues to worsen, with nine out of every ten emails now spam; spam volume has increased by 80% over just the past few months and users face a constantly morphing flood of malware trying to take over their computers. Bottom line: we’re losing the war on spam.

The root cause of today’s spam problems is spam zombies, with 85% of all spam being delivered via spam zombies.

The spam zombie problem grows worse every day (with over ninety one million new spam zombies per year)

Users don’t, won’t, or can’t clean up their infected PCs; and ISPs can’t be expected to clean up their infected customers’ PCs.

Filtering port 25 and doing rate limiting is like giving cough syrup to someone with lung cancer — it may suppress some overt symptoms but it doesn’t cure the underlying disease.

Filtered and rate-limited spam zombies CAN still be used for many, many OTHER bad things, and they represent a huge problem if left to languish in a live infected state.

Joe’s take — “we’re in the middle of a worldwide cyber crisis”. I agree. He suggests a new strategy:

It is common for universities to produce and distribute a one-click clean-up-and-secure CD for use by their students and faculty. It’s now time for our governments to produce and distribute an equivalent disk for everyone to use.

I agree the existing schemes are clearly not working; this is an interesting suggestion. Read/listen to the presentation in full for more details; pick up PDF, PPT and video here.

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Linux and small hardware vendors

Linux: Everyone who’s used a non-MS system will have learned – typically the hard way — that not all hardware is equal. Not just in terms of specs, flexibility and power, but also in terms of whether or not it can be used at all.

Most hardware vendors consider their specification and interface documentation to be their crown jewels; giving access to these without a signed NDA is impossible. On the other hand, for free software developers, signing an NDA makes life quite difficult — it can be done, but nobody else can help you maintain it further without signing an NDA, the resulting code may ‘disclose’ too much of the ‘IP’, and so on. In a lot of cases, the vendor isn’t interested in giving access to the specs, even with an NDA — it’s their IP and why isn’t the customer just using Windows?

The end result: lots of hardware with crappy support on non-MS operating systems.

Things aren’t as bad as they used to be, though — since nowadays the high-end hardware is more likely to support standards, and Linux is a top choice on embedded hardware (set-top boxes for example), so it has a much higher profile. But cheap, end-user oriented PCs still wind up with components from vendors who couldn’t be bothered with non-Windows customers, and that can mean using a hacked-up, reverse-engineered driver and hoping it works. (That’s not to denigrate reverse-engineered drivers. some of them work great. But fundamentally, the vendors are making a mistake here.)

So it’s pretty impressive to see that LaCie are now sponsoring development of k3b, the CD/DVD burning application for KDE!

Good timing too, I was about to buy a DVD burner ;)

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WINW

Net: WINW Is Not WASTE: ‘WINW is a small worlds networking utility. It was inspired by WASTE … (WINW) has diverged from its original mission to create a clean-room WASTE clone. Today, the WINW feature set is different from that of WASTE, and its protocol is incompatible with WASTE’s protocol. However, WINW and WASTE achieve similar goals: they allow people who trust each other to communicate securely.’

Not quite there yet — just a Windows version with no sharing — but actively under development. One to keep an eye on…

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What’s wrong with DRM, and ‘better support’

Copyright: Cory Doctorow’s DRM talk presented to MS research yesterday. This is a fantastic introduction to the issues regarding DRM; if you know someone who isn’t convinced that DRM is A Bad Thing, this is the argument they need to read.

OSes: /.: France Considers Open Source. The usual arguments are going on in the comments, but some people still insist that they get better support from MS than from Linux vendors.

What planet are they on? Because it would have been handy for me to live there, on the occasions in the past where I’ve had to develop code on MS platforms, and administer networks of Windows PCs. In my experience, you do not get support from Microsoft. Instead, you do what you do with Linux — go searching on Google, read MSDN, or post in the MSDN forums.

As far as I can see, there’s zero difference between doing that with Windows, and doing exactly the same thing with Red Hat — except in the latter case, you can turn up debug logging through a documented API or switch, use the source and fix it yourself, find the original developers and post a message to their core -dev list, or even ask them personally.

Where’s this amazing support? Maybe the companies I’ve worked for just weren’t paying enough, and therefore weren’t significant blue-chip customers. Or maybe it’s because we weren’t based in the US, and so got support from less-skilled, less high-priority staff in a regional office. But I’ve certainly never experienced the support these advocates claim MS offers, which makes me think it’s FUD as usual.

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Making a Bootable CD from a Floppy Image

Tech: Troubleshooters: Making a bootable CD from a bootable floppy image.
Making a note of this for future reference — it should be handy next time I need to do a BIOS or firmware upgrade on my Thinkpad.

I ran into the need for this recently when trying to upgrade the BIOS on my Thinkpad running Linux, so hibernation would work. IBM don’t provide BIOS upgrade tools for Linux, so you have to keep a Windows partition around. (Yes, I pay the Windows Tax — I’ve been bitten by proprietary firmware upgrades requiring it in the past, as in this case.)

Amazingly, however, even after paying the Tax, the ‘non-diskette’ BIOS upgrade (ie. the standalone Windows app) doesn’t work from Windows XP! Instead, you get a hard hang when it tries to bring the machine down from XP to a single-app mode to perform the upgrade. Running from DOS similarly fails, because the BIOS upgrade app is a WIN32 application. Clever.

Eventually, I wound up reformatting my Windows partition, installing Windows 98 (!), and running the BIOS upgrade app from that worked fine. But next time around, I should be able to save myself a few hours of MCSE imitation by using this floppy-to-CD trick… here’s hoping. ;) PCs Are Hard.

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Windows Partition Pain

Computer: Argh. When I bought my laptop, I had no option but to buy it with Windows XP — IBM doesn’t seem to sell them any other way. (you can pay extra to buy it that way from EmperorLinux, but really, the main reason I wouldn’t want it is to save money, I’m afraid.)

Anyway, so I kept the XP partition safe, and jumped through various hoops to keep it in one piece; after all, it had cost me money to pay for that Windows license, and you never know when I might need it to upgrade some firmware or whatever.

Well, after trying (twice) to upgrade some firmware — the BIOS, namely, to get APM hibernation working — and having XP crash on me both times, I left it for a bit.

That was a couple of weeks ago. I just tried to check some files on the /windows partition — and something has scribbled all over the FAT32 sectors. Rien de Windows plus. :(

(Prime suspect right now is the Phoenix BIOS ’suspend-to-disk’ tool — I just looks flakey, and I know it goes in and tweaks with some kind of undocumented BIOS wierdness. I bet anything it’s told the BIOS that the first FAT32 partition was a suspend partition, and one of the failed susp-to-disk attempts scribbled all over it.)

I suppose I’ll probably reinstall at some stage… if only to get this bloody BIOS upgraded and suspend-to-disk working!

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Nominative Determinism

Names: Popbitch sez ‘Microsoft are just about to launch their new Windows Server 2003. The project manager who oversaw its development? Todd Wanke.’

Sure enough, it’s true. But that’s not all he did — he was also involved with the Windows 2000 Customer Love Team. No smutty jokes please, I’m being perfectly serious here…

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More on the WSJ interviewee

Spam: So this Orlando Soto guy again — the story hit Slashdot today, and the /.ers did some digging. It appears that Mr. Soto runs dduo.com, listing himself at the bottom of the page as ‘Orlando Soto – Webmaster/Owner’. He sells a wide range of apps, including:

  • IP Ad Web Sender: ‘Send your advertising message to millions of people instantly! Target your advertisement geographically! Advertising message on someone’s screen, the second you send it! To send messages, IP Ad Web Sender uses a program called net send which is part of windows and is installed by default in Windows 2000, Windows NT and Windows XP.’

Yep, that’s Messenger spam. But don’t worry, he flogs the solution too:

  • IP Blocker: ‘Protect yourself against a new type of annoying pop up spam message called IP Ads that can be sent directly to your computer anytime while you are online.’

Or you could just save your money and turn it off the easy way.

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IBM Service Rocks

Hardware: So IBM Thinkpads come with a predesktop area — a hidden 4GB partition of recovery files, Windows XP install disks, windows drivers, etc. taking up space on the hard disk.

I haven’t used Windows much at all on this machine, given that I don’t use Windows when I can avoid it, but I did pay several hundred dollars for it – since it’s now impossible once again to buy an IBM laptop without doing so (or without paying quite a lot extra). So I want to keep it around, and I want to make sure I can reinstall if things go wrong.

Having a hidden partition just isn’t quite safe enough for me — because I’ve had hard disks go belly-up before, or scribble on the partition table, or so on — these things happen. Thankfully it’s easy enough to get CD-ROMs shipped from IBM support if you ask nicely, so I did so yesterday afternoon at about 3pm.

This morning at 9am, there was a knock at the door, and I received a package shipped from Durham, NC containing the reinstall CDs.

It’s great dealing with professional hardware companies again ;)

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Longhorn memory requirements

OSes: Eek! The WinSuperSite Longhorn preview notes:

First, it’s a dog on any system with less than 512 MB of RAM, so consider that a base amount (up from 256 in Windows XP).

Mind you, it’s not slated for release until 2006, so 512 MB of memory is probably a reasonable minimum that far in the future ;)

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MS loses to Linux in Thailand

Linux: MS loses to Linux in Thailand Struggle (LinuxInsider):

The people’s PC project, formally known as the ICT PC Project, revolutionized the Thai PC market, and its effect is being felt around the region. The Ministry of ICT aims to sell 700,000 PCs and 300,000 notebooks in the first year of the project. To make the PCs affordable, the government has insisted that computer makers offer the machines at fire-sale prices — $250 for PCs and $400 for notebooks, including the software.

The government did invite Microsoft to participate in the project, but the company initially refused to lower its prices. Microsoft has a long-standing policy of charging the same prices throughout the world, which could help explain the widespread piracy in developing markets like Thailand, where the average annual income is about $7,000. Charging Thai consumers nearly $600 for Windows/Office is the equivalent of charging U.S. consumers $3,000.

… Microsoft’s newly appointed regional general manager, Andrew McBean, no doubt having consulted Redmond, offered to supply the ICT PC Program with the Windows/Office package for a mere $37 — a price cut of 85 percent.

Looks like the Linux-based machines are popular, too:

The rock-bottom prices — and easy financing terms — generated enormous interest in the ICT PCs. An estimated 35,000 people showed up at a Bangkok convention center where the machines were launched. Some people even camped overnight to sign up for the program. By August of this year, Thai consumers had snapped up 300,000 ICT PCs.

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SCO madness continues

SCOvEveryone: I haven’t a clue what’s going on here:

… SCO would probably provide customers with financial incentives and discounts to migrate to SCO Unix, other vendors’ Unix, and what he referred to as ‘other proprietary operating systems’ but probably Windows.

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SCO madness continues

I haven’t a clue what’s going on here:

… SCO would probably provide customers with financial incentives and discounts to migrate to SCO Unix, other vendors’ Unix, and what he referred to as ‘other proprietary operating systems’ but probably Windows.

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MS on Choice

Music: This is great. Microsoft’s general manager for the Windows Digital Media division, Dave Fester, on iTunes for Windows:

If you use Apple’s music store along with ITunes, you don’t have the ability of using the over 40 different Windows Media-compatible portable music devices. When I’m paying for music, I want to know that I have choices today and in the future.

Oh, the schadenfreude. (I wonder how many MP3-compatible portable music devices there are?)

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‘International blacklists’ absurdity

OK, this is very stupid.

----- Transcript of session follows -----
... while talking to mail.(elided).com.:
>>> RCPT To:
< << 591  The mail server you are SENDING FROM is listed on an
international blacklist. Send your questions to
blacklist-admin@(elided).net
554 5.0.0 Service unavailable

The mailserver in question is dogma.slashnull.org, 212.17.35.15. It's never been on a blacklist. However, it does live outside the US -- in Ireland, to be exact.

So it appears (from the wording) that someone is actually filtering their mail feed and blocking all mail from Ireland. Hello!? It's worth noting, in passing, that I strongly doubt that blocking all mail from Ireland (a) reduces your spam load one iota or (b) accomplishes anything apart from pissing off Irish people. Ah well, not my problem...

SCO: In other news, Ben sends on this Pinky and The Brain rendition of the SCO-vs-the-world saga from Nicholas Petreley -- worth a titter. Given that SCO are now sending invoices to Linux users, including charging 32 bucks for embedded developers -- who almost definitely are not using Read-Copy-Update and that kind of absurdly-high-end code -- it's pretty accurate.

Malware: The latest Windows worm, coming to a system near you; make sure ports 135-139, 445 and 593 are blocked, if you really have to run Windows for some reason. The worm's author includes this notable text string: billy gates why do you make this possible ? Stop making money and fix your software!!

Iraq: Amazing postmortem of the Iraq war. Summary: absolutely inept on the Iraqi side. 'The only order I got was to dismantle my airplanes -- the most idiotic order I ever received.'

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Referrer spam not via proxies

So a little more investigation shows that the massive numbers of IPs spamming my referrer logs (like 1000 different IPs every day), are not open proxies as I at first thought; I tested 130, and none had any of the well-known proxy ports open.

My current guess is that they’re malware, such as those ‘ad banner spyware’ programs, and the makers of that software must be doing deals with spam companies to set up the spyware to periodically load URLs in order to referrer-spam for the spam bureau’s customers.

In this case, all the spammed URLs are owned and registered by one porn operation, which is either operating from Switzerland (according to the tech contact info) or Los Angeles (according to the DNS info in whois). (More likely the latter.)

All the IPs doing the spam page loads, are running on Windows XP and Windows 2000 systems as far as I can see, with ports 1025 and 5000 open, so alternatively, maybe they’re trojaned… but there doesn’t seem to be any good evidence indicating that. (those ports are reasonably innocuous.)

Anyone got any ideas? Here’s some sample access_log lines for 100 IPs, gzipped, if anyone wants to check them out.

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open proxy referrer spam again

Googlebot using open proxies? Somehow, I doubt it. An interesting snippet from the access logs again. (Some details rewritten to avoid boosting PageRank.)

220.73.165.14 - - [25/Jul/2003:04:42:14 +0100] "GET /someurl/foo HTTP/1.0" 2147483647 0 "http://www dot gay-sex-men dot net/" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)"
220.73.165.14 - - [25/Jul/2003:09:04:17 +0100] "GET /someurl/foo HTTP/1.0" 2147483647 0 "http://www dot gay-sex-men dot net/" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows 98; DigExt)"
220.73.165.14 - - [25/Jul/2003:09:15:28 +0100] "GET /someurl/foo HTTP/1.0" 2147483647 0 "http://www dot baitbus dot ws/" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows 98; DigExt)"
220.73.165.14 - - [25/Jul/2003:09:18:11 +0100] "GET /robots.txt HTTP/1.0" 200 130 "-" "GoogleBot"
220.73.165.14 - - [25/Jul/2003:09:27:57 +0100] "GET /someurl/foo HTTP/1.0" 2147483647 0 "http://www dot blowjobs-cumshots dot net/" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows 98)"
220.73.165.14 - - [25/Jul/2003:13:18:04 +0100] "GET /someurl/foo HTTP/1.0" 2147483647 0 "http://www dot hot-legs dot info/" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows 98; Win 9x 4.90)"

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Referrer Spam Gets Smarter

So, it seems the referrer-log spamming is getting worse. The earlier attempts all used a limited set of IPs; probably the real source machines.

However, the latest crop are now relaying through open proxies. Out of a sample size of 10 random IPs, every one was a proxy listed in the OPM blacklist.

The URLs being spamvertised are all pr0n; lots of .ws and .biz hits with pretty colourful names. Take a look here, under any of the top 5 hits. They’re outnumbering the legit hits by about 20 to 1.

BTW, it’s now pretty clear the practice of referrer-spamming is intended to gain Googlejuice; plenty of other sites have noticed it too. It’s worth noting that in my case, it won’t work — my log pages are all off-limits to the Googlebot for quite a while, but the referrer spammers haven’t figured this out yet…

Some notes:

  • the spamvertized URLs include perlcoders.com, openproxies.com,
    • cgifactory.net, so steer clear of those sites.
  • the User-Agents are randomised, similar to spamware’s randomised X-Mailer headers. Some samples include:
    • Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; MSN 6.1; MSNbMSFT; MSNmen-ca; MSNc00; v5m)

    • Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SC/5.10/1.14/Telenor; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)

    • Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)

    • Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows 98; Wanadoo 5.6)

      My guess is they just took a large list of legit user agents, and used that.

  • I’ve now left them a few little surprises ;)

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Linux and MS: WinCE now customizable

Whoa: ‘This spring, Microsoft dropped the price of Windows CE and completely opened its embedded operating system to developers, allowing them for the first time to not only view and modify CE, but also sell products that incorporated the customized code.’

Really? So WinCE developers can modify and then rebuild and sell WinCE with code changes? That’s a big deal. It’s kind of unavoidable, though. That close to the metal is virtually impossible without source IMO.

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Quick Links

Tube Rules — lessons in London Underground etiquette. My favourite: don’t wear massive backpacks.

Dave Malone on broken time-sync software. It seems Tardis, the popular Windows time-syncing software, used HTTP to get a trustworthy timestamp. OK, that’s pretty bad — using TCP/IP against a webserver to try and get a usable time — it’ll be several seconds off in most cases, and is pretty suboptimal in general.

But at least they set up their own server, instead of glomming off someone else’s bandwidth and CPU, right? Nope — they used a server at maths.tcd.ie, along with only 2 others worldwide. And they used GET. And they didn’t send a User-Agent header. And the server wasn’t even a public time server since 1996 anyway.

All seems well now — Dave instituted a policy of returning ‘1999′ as the date, and hopefully everyone has noticed by now. ;)

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The Windows Find Setup Wizard

Joel writes about a canonical Windows UI mistake: ‘unequivocally the most moronic ‘wizard’ dialog in the history of the Windows operating system. This dialog is so stupid that it deserves some kind of award. A whole new category of award.’ It is, of course, the Find Setup Wizard dialog:

The first problem with this dialog is that it’s distracting. You are trying to find help in the help file. You do not, at that particular moment, give a hoot whether the database is small, big, customized, or chocolate-covered. In the meanwhile, this wicked, wicked dialog is giving you little pedantic lectures that it must create a list (or database). There are about three paragraphs there, most of which are completely confusing. There’s the painfully awkward phrase ‘your help file(s)’. You see, you may have one or more files. As if you cared at this point that there could be more than one. As if it made the slightest amount of difference. But the programmer who worked on that dialog was obviously distressed beyond belief at the possibility that there might be more than one help file(s) and it would be incorrect to say help file, now, wouldn’t it?

It’s a great article; there’s also some fantastic examples of stupid UI tricks that shouldn’t be possible, like detachable menu bars. Read it here.

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Win4Lin

A glowing review of Win4Lin 5.0 from ‘Open for Business’.

Gotta say, I use Win4Lin regularly, and it’s totally flawless. I had a bit of difficulty getting it installed — the installer didn’t like my kernel for some reason, if I recall correctly, and I had to go grepping through the install script (!). But it’s fantastic once it’s running.

The really impressive thing is when it boots Windows (in a window on your Linux desktop) much faster than Windows boots natively on the same hardware ;) Still haven’t figured out how it does that.

It does a nice job of a virtual network interface too; easier to admin than VMWare’s fake-net-with-DHCP thing. It just insmods a new network module, with a new ethernet address, and that responds to arp requests alongside your ‘real’ Linux interface’s address. Then all the control of IP address, network etc. is under Windows control.

I haven’t found an app that doesn’t work with it yet. (Mind you I hear Direct/X isn’t supported yet fully, so most games are probably out.)

I’ve even used it to watch Quicktime movies — which is pretty impressive when you consider that they’re displaying to a (Win4Lin) framebuffer, which is then displayed to another (VNC) framebuffer, which then displays to the hardware.

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wierd referrers

308 referrer hits from www.xxxstoryarchive.com, 282 from amateur-porn.us, 282 from nude-lesbians.us, etc. Somehow I doubt it. All the hits are 404s, looking for e.g.

nn.nn.nn.nn – - [12/Jan/2003:18:52:13 +0000] GET /pics54754-96 HTTP/1.1 404 284 http://www.celebrity-nude-pics.com/ “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.0.3705)”

Hits from hosts at AT&T WorldNet Services and an SBC PPPoX pool. They’re all MSIE 6 on Windows, and it’s been going on for a month or so.

Theory: sounds like MSIE’s download-to-’view’-offline functionality has bugs; when it hits a 404, maybe it requeues that request but then sends it to entirely the wrong IP.

Alternative theory: it’s a pathetically underpowered DDoS. ouch!

Anyone else seen this?

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Hitler writes dictionaries

Microsoft’s Spanish thesaurus, included in Word for Windows 6.0 in Mexico, contains some unfortunate synonyms:

  • Indian: man-eater or savage
  • Western: Aryan, white, civilized
  • Lesbian: pervert, depraved person

That would be the risk when you use a mid-1930s source document, it sounds like!

Date: Tue, 17 Sep 2002 13:42:02 +0100
From: Barbara Barrett (spam-protected)
To: (spam-protected) (spam-protected)
Subject: Micro$oft’s Spanish language problems

——– Original Message ——–

Microsoft Apology for Errors in Spanish

MEXICO CITY (Reuter) – Microsoft Corp, the world’s biggest software company, apologized Friday to Mexicans for “grave errors” in its computer thesaurus that equated Indians with cannibals. Several Mexicans telephoned the company to protest after a newspaper reported Wednesday that the Spanish thesaurus included in Microsoft’s popular word processor program Word for Windows 6.0 contained some unfortunate synonyms. Used by up to 200,000 people in Mexico, a country whose population is mainly descended from Aztec and Maya Indians, the Microsoft program sugggested as alternatives for the word “Indian:” “man-eater” or “savage.” Consulted for synonyms for “Western,” the Spanish language program gave “Aryan,” “white” and “civilized.” Lesbians were equated with “pervert” and “depraved person.”

“Microsoft Mexico offers an apology to its users and to the public in general for some grave errors in the synonyms of the Microsoft Word dictionary in Spanish, whose mistaken connotations are offensive,” the company said in a full-page newspaper advertisement published Friday. Microsoft Mexico marketing manager Alejandra Calatayud said the company was dispatching a language expert next week from its software development center in Ireland to discuss changes to the thesaurus with El Colegio de Mexico, Mexico’s most august cultural body.

“We accept our responsibility and hope to have a new version of the dictionary available in about five weeks,” she told Reuters. The revised version will be made available free of charge via the Internet. Ignacio Blum, Microsoft Mexico’s product manager for office products, told Reuters that the computer thesaurus was based on existing dictionaries. “If you check these words in most dictionaries, you will find the same definitions,” he said.

Mexican politicians and intellectuals condemned the pejorative computer thesaurus anyway. “I see this as profoundly dangerous because it is a lack of respect for our dignity as Mexicans and for our indigenous roots,” said Adriana Luna, an opposition party congresswoman on the lower house’s culture committee. “We must give battle to combat this specter of conservatism and fascism which is appearing all around us” Florentino Castro, a legislator from the ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), was quoted as saying in the newspaper La Jornada. The English version of the Microsoft Word program does not give the same synonyms. Homosexual was equated with “gay” or “lesbian” and Indian was “cave dweller,” “ancient tribe” or “aborigine.”

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